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Aftermath: Bosnia's Long Road to Peace: Chapter Five: Faith and Betrayal

SECTION FIVE: 

Faith and betrayal 

“ My best friend was from Zenica. She was a Serb. She called me once during the war and said, Look what your president is doing to you. She believed all the propaganda. . .She came to see me after the war, in my home, and she cried. I cried, too. And she heard the sounds of the mosque, calling people to prayer, and she said, It’s so long since I heard this sound. But she still believed all the propaganda of the Serbs. And here she was in my living room, saying, Oh, I missed the sounds of the mosque. It was the last time I saw her.” Adela, temporary office worker, Sarajevo 

 

I would like to know when will you take/show pictures of Serb widows and their kids? I would like to know when will you tell stories of all those Serbs massacred? When there was muslim festivites, Serb forces would back up and freeze the front line, but in gratitude, scores of Serbs got their throats cut on Orthodox Christmas and Easter. When will we hear about that? When will we here about those Serbs castrated and tortured before being beheded? When will your rightous self present the real reasons for all this "mess"? And don't ask me how I know... 

Tomek -- (guestbook entry on Sara Terry’s Bosnia Aftermath website) 

In response to Tomek's comment about "Serb widows, etc..." and other people's comments about "bias" and all that nonsense, I would just like to say that 250,000 Bosnian Muslims were killed, masacred, ... (need I mention Srebrenica or Markale in Sarajevo) during this aggression, ethinc cleansing OR as the rest of the world likes to say "CIVIL WAR" So, to those masacred serb widows and children, I am sorry but that is what happens when you send your serb sons, serb children and serb husbands to clean out Bosnia from Muslims. 

Hadzija -- (guest book entry, Bosnia Aftermath website) 

It's sad that after the worst has happened people are using this website for childish arguing. I'm Bosniak and if my army (to what my father belonged) commited war crimes against ANYONE - I want that out on the open. People of Bosnia need to know the truth - and you can't ignore Srebrenica, Zepa, Gorazde, Bihac, Sarajevo, and destruction of ALL non-Serb-Orthodox religous objects in Serb-controlled part of Bosnia when you are telling the story of Bosnia. And if I don't know parts of the story - I want to learn them. And then accept the past for what it is! We all want to be able to live off our work, to be able to support our families, to live in peace - we have lived together before (coexisted) and we still can. My parents' best friends are Serbs and Croats as well as Bosniaks. I REFUSE TO HATE! I WILL NOT GO THAT LOW TO HATE! NE CU SE PONIZITI I BITI COVJEK KOJI MRZI!  

Sanjin (guest book entry, Bosnia Aftermath website) 

  • An Orthodox priest kisses an icon in Tvrdos monastery near Trebinje, one of the many towns which Muslims were forced to flee when the war began in 1992. According to locals, this monastery has been one of the hiding places for Radovan Karadzic, who was the Bosnian Serb political leader during the war. Karadzic has been indicted for war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia at The Hague, but has has remained at large for years.
  • Laser-engraved headstones of Bosnian Serb soldiers who were killed during the war. The cemetery is in Visegrad, in eastern Bosnia, a town where some 2,000 Muslim men and boys were killed by Serbs in the spring of 1992. Eight years after the end of the war, the former Muslim-majority town remains overwhelmingly Serb.
  • Orthodox art work for sale on the streets of Banja Luka, which is the capital of the Serb Republic entity which makes up 49 percent of Bosnia. Muslims were viciously \{quote}cleansed\{quote} during the war, and few have returned to live here since that time.
  • A high school student sits in the hallway of Mostar\'s main high school, or gymnasium. Before the war, the school had a multi-religious student body, but after the war local Croats renamed the school after a Catholic priest (whose portrait hangs on the wall) and incorporated religious teachings in to the curriculum. Re-integrating the school, and renaming it the Mostar Gymnasium, took years of effort. By 2004, Muslim students had returned to the school, but were taught in separate classrooms. Education -- particularly curriculum for history and religion -- remains one of the most difficult post-conflict issues in the country.
  • A poster on an entrance to the Catholic church in Bugojno reads, \{quote}Christ, savior of Europe.\{quote}
  • The Orthodox church in the village where Ratko Mladic grew up. Mladic, the Bosnian Serb military leader, has been indicted for his role in the war  by the International War Crimes Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia at The Hague. But like the Bosnian Serb political leader Radovan Karadzic, Mladic remains at large. The two men have become folk heroes for many Bosnian Serbs.
  • Workers rebuild a five-hundred-year-old mosque, one of a dozen that used to stand in the city of Foca. The other eleven mosques were completely destroyed by local Serbs when the war began in 1992 and Muslims were either killed or forced to leave. The contractor overseeing this project has hired a crew that includes both Serbs and Muslilms.
  • A huge monument, featuring an Orthodox cross, stands in the center of Bjeljina, the town where \{quote}ethnic cleansing\{quote} began in April 1992. The sculpture is dedicated to the Bosnian Serb soldiers who lost their lives fighting the \{quote}patriot\'s war\{quote} of 1992-95.
  • One of dozens of tourist shops in Medjugorje, which sell religious icons and statues to pilgrims who come from around the world to see the site where six teenagers claim to have had a vision of the Virgin Mary in 1981.
  • A massive sculpture -- a stylized version of an old Muslim headstone -- stands above the town of Gorazde, on the spot where Serb artillery positions threatened Muslim civilians during the war. Along with the town of Srebrenica, Gorazde was designated as a United Nations \{quote}safe haven\{quote} for Muslims, but was virtually surrounded and often attacked by Serb forces during the war.
  • Muslim widows pray during ceremonies marking the groundbreaking of a memorial site for the 7,000 to 8,000 Muslim men and boys who were slaughtered when Srebrenica was overrun by Serb forces in July 1995. The memorial is a few kilometers down the road from Srebrenica, across from a now-abandoned factory, where many of the men were kiled.
  • Statue of the Virgin Mary marks the spot where six teenagers from Medzugorge claim that the mother of Jesus came to them in a vision in 1981 and gave them a message of peace. Thousands of religious pilgrims from around the world visit the site each year. Several of the teenagers, now grown, say they still have regular visions of Mary, who continues to give them messages to share with the world.
  • Muslim widows during the prayer for the dead offered at the groundbreaking of a memorial site for the 7,000 to 8,000 Muslim men and boys who were massacred by Bosnian Serb forces in 1995.
  • Hundreds of Muslims gather on the old Ottoman bridge on the river Drina in Visegrad to commemorate the approximately 2,000 men and boys who were killed during the beginning of the war by local Serbs. Visegrad has remained a notoriously nationalistic Serb town since the end of the war, a climate that has made it difficult for many Muslims to return to their homes. The situation in Visegrad was so tense that it wasn\'t until 2002, seven years after the end of the war, that Muslims were allowed to visit and hold their first commemoration cermony. This was the second such event.
  • A detail of a skull, which is part of a huge wall mural in Sarajevo, with the words \{quote}Never Forget,\{quote} a grim reminder of the Srebrenica massacre. May 2003.
  • A Catholic roadside shrine near the town of Travnik.
  • A Serb Orthodox priest holds an icon being auctioned to parishioners, who pay to carry the icons in a small procession that circles the church three times on Orthodox Easter Sunday. The church was damaged by extremist mujahideen who came to fight in Bosnia during the war, but was restored in recent years.
  • A poster for Mel Gibson\'s film, \{quote}The Passion of the Christ\{quote} in the Catholic section of Mostar.
  • Members of the Pontanima Choir at their first practice session after winning a major peacemaking award given by Search for Common Ground in Washington DC. The choir\'s members come from all four of Bosnia\'s main religious groups -- Jews, Catholics, Muslims, and Orthodox -- and sing songs from each tradition. They have received death threats in Bosnia becaause of their commitment to religious tolerance and understanding.
  • During Easter week services, friends hug inside the Catholic cathedral.
  • On the day groundbreaking ceremonies are held for a memorial to the 7,000 to 8,000 Muslim men and boys killed by Serbs in the 1995 Srebrenica massacre, a widow is seen reflected in bus window, where condensation has marked the surface of the glass.
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  • Aftermath: Bosnia's Long Road to Peace
    • Chapter One: This Peace
    • Chapter Two: Past and Present
    • Chapter Three: Love and Death
    • Chapter Four: Huge Joy
    • Chapter Five: Faith and Betrayal
    • Chapter Six: This Place
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