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(Re)Thinking the Male Gaze

  • The birth of Venus – the Roman goddess of love – is a creation story that begins with a most brutal act of violence. According to mythology, Cronus – the son of Uranus – cut off his father’s testicles with a stone sickle and threw his genitals into the sea. They caused the sea to foam – and out of that foam, Venus was born.A man’s creation story of woman. The goddess of beauty and love born from sexual violence. I respond the only way I know how – by telling a story of my own. With “(Re)Thinking The Birth of Venus,” I have appropriated this creation story on every level as a woman, including placing myself in the photo as the god(desse)s in the painting. In an era of angry men, I choose to create man from love – and rather than hold a cloak to hide his nakedness, as in Botticelli’s painting, I hold a mirror, inviting him to see himself without artifice, to know that bereft of power or prestige or brute strength, he is man. And this is enough for him to be. I want him to know that he is loved, that he comes from the earth, not an angry sea, and that he must in turn give back that love.Mythology says that roses first bloomed when Venus was born. I surround the man in my creation story with sweet peas – inspired by Faith Salie’s essay in Time, on December 1, 2017, as the #metoo movement was rising. It’s titled “How to Raise a Sweet Son in an Era of Angry Men.”She wrote: “Hours after I gave birth to my first child, my husband cradled all five pounds of our boy and said, gently, “Hi, Sweetpea.” Not “Buddy” or “Little Man.” Sweetpea. The word filled me with unanticipated comfort…I was witnessing my husband’s commitment to raising a sweet boy.“Because this is what the world needs now, urgently: sweet boys and people who grow them.”
  • (Re)Thinking the Birth of Venus (Annotated)
  • I created“(Re)Thinking Manet’s Dejeuner sur l’herbe” as the first photo in “(Re)Thinking the Male Gaze, a series of photographs of famous paintings of nude women made by men, in which I flip gender roles and appropriate narratives with a female gaze. I chose it for many reasons – in particular, the fact that the three main figures in the painting are each engaging in some act of communication (gesture, glance, etc), but none of them is acknowledging the other. That’s what I feel has happened in the first stages of the #metoo debate – we aren’t hearing each other yet, aren’t engaging in dialogue across gender, generation and color.  But we will.
  • (Re)Thinking Dejeuner sur l'herbe (Annotated)
  • From my earliest thoughts about Ingre’s Grand Odalisque, I knew that I needed a white male photojournalist for this photo; I knew that I wanted to comment on the othering perpetuated by the white male gaze of my industry for decades. This was my response to learning that Ingres' Odalisque, painted in 1814, was used to justify French colonialism -- an othering of peoples in the Near East and North Africa as a way of {quote}proving{quote} that they desperately needed France's {quote}civilizing{quote} authority. It’s something that photojournalism, unfortunately, has done for a long, long time – justified a white, male Western point of view which has “othered” women and people and cultures of color.In May 2019, in Sarajveo, at the annual general meeting of my photo agency, VII Photo, I asked my colleague Christopher Morris to pose for me, and he agreed, with some trepidation. Chris was a natural choice for me. There are connections between us. He covered the war in Bosnia; I covered the aftermath. The photo I made was also my invitation to him, to engage in a dialogue between artists about nudity and representation and who does the gazing.And we were in Bosnia, which was an important part of the Ottoman Empire – the very era which also prompted Ingres’ painting and “othering” of cultures France sought to bring under its subjugation. This was the place to make the photo, and Chris was the perfect model.I’m weary as I write this. It’s the summer of 2019 and it’s America, and the president of the United States (I will not use his name in the same sentence as the word “president”) others some one or some group of people with almost every tweet he makes, almost every time he opens his mouth. White, male, western power – and the power of naming.But we’re fighting back, and women are leading the way. Power is shifting, slowly but surely, and I believe images can help move that story forward. I am weary, as I said, but I am hopeful.
  • 5a_Ingres_smaller
  • She was a skilled politician. A naval strategist. A linguist who spoke nine languages.But ancient Roman writers – the chroniclers of her time – called Cleopatra “harlot queen” and wrote of her “lascivious fury.”Not surprisingly, the story that stuck for centuries, repeated all the way through to Elizabeth Taylor’s Hollywood portrayal of her, was the one that men told. Men who were afraid of a woman with power, men who used their privilege and standing, their control of narrative, to frame a brilliant female politician as a lusty temptress who got what she wanted through sex.And who committed suicide by allowing an asp to poison her – with a fatal strike to the nipple of her left breast, if the sixteenth-century Italian painter Giampietrino is to be believed. It’s a fear that hasn’t gone away. Hilary Clinton’s 2016 presidential bid made that painfully clear. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez ran smack into those same fears within days of taking office after her groundbreaking campaign for the United States Congress, when YouTube videos of her dancing in college unleashed a wave of criticism from conservatives who tried to belittle her.But they didn’t win. She laughed at them, made fun of them – refused to yield control of her narrative to those who would diminish her.She gives me hope.
  • (Re)Thinking the Death of Cleopatra (Annotated)
  • There’s a story told about the two paintings made by Goya around 1700 of a “maja” (a low-class Spanish woman) -- one clothed, one naked. It makes me angry.By many accounts, the maja was the young mistress of the Prime Minister of Spain, Manuel de Godoy, who commissioned the paintings. At the time, what shocked viewers was the fact that the painting showed the woman’s pubic hair (apparently the first time such a thing had been done in the history of painting). Art critics say Goya’s audacity made the painting “profane” – and in 1813 the paintings were seized by the Spanish Inquisition.But that’s not the story that bothers me. The one I find utterly profane is the story about how the paintings were framed: the nude image hidden behind the clothed one in such a way that the paintings’ owner could pull a cord to reveal the naked maja at whim, for his personal viewing pleasure and that of his friends.This is the story that angers me, the ownership of the representation of a woman’s nakedness, the power to disclose it at will. It feels like Wall Street, like Hollywood, like capitalism. It is the patriarchy. It is obscene.And so I respond with my own narrative, creating an image of a powerful man, one who thinks the world belongs to him, in a wood-paneled library that reeks of the patriarchy, filled with books with titles like “Kissinger,” “Men and Manners in America,” “Making a Nation.” A skull sits on the shelf. A globe stands on the floor. A knife rests on the desk. And in the second image, in the same room, just as Goya did with the maja, just as Godoy did when he pulled the cord over the painting, I reveal his nakedness – his soft, vulnerable body. His small, barely visible penis.And I experience the power of creating these narratives. And yet I also experience shame – shame at the authority I wield in exposing and belittling another human being, in controlling the representation of another person’s nakedness. It is obscene.
  • (Re)Thinking the Maja Desnuda
  • 2a-Goya_Annotated
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